Drug Uses
Zovirax is used to treat herpes infections of the skin, lip, and genitals; herpes zoster (shingles); and chickenpox. It does not cure herpes infections but decreases pain and itching and promotes healing. Topical Zovirax does not prevent the recurrence of sores but may decrease pain and itching if applied when the earliest symptoms first appear. Oral Zovirax decreases the frequency and severity of recurrent sores, but it is used only by people with severe herpes infections because of possible adverse effects. This medication is sometimes prescribed for other uses; ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information.
How Taken
Treatment with Zovirax topical should be started as soon as possible after the first appearance of symptoms (e.g. tingling, burning, blisters).
Wash your hands before and after applying Zovirax topical.
Wear a glove or a finger cot or use an applicator (e.g. cotton swab) when applying Zovirax topical to avoid spreading the virus to other body parts and to other people.
Apply enough ointment to cover the lesion(s) completely. A one-half inch ribbon of ointment should cover approximately 4 square inches of surface area.
Avoid getting this medication in the eyes.
Zovirax topical is usually applied every 3 hours, six times a day for seven days. Follow your doctor's instructions.
Use Zovirax topical for the full amount of time prescribed, even if you begin to feel better. Your symptoms may start to improve before the infection is completely treated.
Lesions caused by herpes viruses should be kept as clean and dry as possible. Wearing loose clothing may help to prevent irritation of the lesions.
Warnings/Precautions
Before using Zovirax topical, tell your doctor if you have any other medical conditions or if you use any other medications.
Zovirax topical is in the FDA pregnancy category C, which means that it is not known whether it will harm an unborn baby. Do not use Zovirax topical without first talking to your doctor if you are pregnant.
It is not known whether Zovirax topical passes into breast milk. Do not use Zovirax topical without first talking to your doctor if you are breast feeding a baby.
Missed Dose
Apply it as soon as you remember and apply further doses at your regular interval (e.g., every 3 hours) until you go to bed. However, if it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and continue your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Possible Side Effects
No serious side effects are expected during treatment with Zovirax topical. If you suspect an allergic reaction (difficulty breathing; rash; hives; itching; swelling of your lips, tongue, or face) seek emergency medical attention.
Other less serious side effects may be more likely to occur. Continue to use Zovirax topical and talk to your doctor if you experience itching, stinging, burning, or a rash. These side effects should resolve quickly.
Side effects other than those listed here may also occur. Talk to your doctor about any side effect that seems unusual or that is especially bothersome.
Storage
Store below 25oC. Do not refrigerate.
Overdose
An overdose of this medication is not likely to occur. If you suspect an overdose or ingestion of Zovirax topical, call an emergency room or poison control left for advice.
More Information
Zovirax Cream is contra-indicated in patients known to be hypersensitive to acyclovir or propylene glycol.
Zovirax is most effective if it is started within 48 hours of when the rash first appears.
Follow the directions for using Zovirax provided by your doctor.
Disclaimer
This drug information is for your information purposes only, it is not intended that this information covers all uses, directions, drug interactions, precautions, or adverse effects of your medication. This is only general information, and should not be relied on for any purpose. It should not be construed as containing specific instructions for any particular patient. We disclaim all responsibility for the accuracy and reliability of this information, and/or any consequences arising from the use of this information, including damage or adverse consequences to persons or property, however such damages or consequences arise. No warranty, either expressed or implied, is made in regards to this information.
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Herpes infections down, but still are a concern
CHICAGO - Nearly 25 years after a news magazine declared that an epidemic of genital herpes threatened to undo the sexual revolution, a new study finds an encouraging decline in the percentage of people infected with the herpes virus.
Back in 1982, a Time cover story headlined “The New Scarlet Letter” sounded an alarm that seems mild now compared to concern over another sexually transmitted lifetime infection, the AIDS virus.
The new study shows a 19 percent drop since 1994 in the percentage of Americans ages 14 to 49 testing positive for herpes type 2, the most common cause of the recurring painful sores of genital herpes. The declines were especially pronounced among young people.
The findings, appearing in Wednesday’s Journal of the American Medical Association, represent biological evidence of a decrease in risky sexual behavior among adolescents, said lead author Dr. Fujie Xu of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
“Overall, this is good news. There is a decrease occurring among all youth, males and females, and in all racial groups,” Xu said. “That’s very encouraging.”
But herpes is still uncomfortably common. Despite the decline, blood tests of more than 11,000 people found 11 percent of men and 23 percent of women carry the genital herpes, or type 2, virus. Among people in their 20s, the infection rate was almost 11 percent.
Ironically, the rates have dropped back to about where they were when Time ran its cover story, said study co-author Dr. Stuart Berman of the CDC.
“If it was a scarlet letter then, I don’t know what you call it now and there’s more HIV around,” Berman said. Herpes greatly increases the chances of infection with HIV, the virus that causes AIDS.
“It’s still an epidemic,” said Dr. Tom Cherpes of the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, who was not involved with the study. “The fact that there’s a trend downward should not be construed by anybody that herpes is under control.”
In addition, 56 percent of men and 60 percent of women tested positive for the oral herpes virus, type 1, which is best known as the culprit behind cold sores, but can spread to the genitals through oral sex. Type 1 may be causing more genital infections in some groups, such as college students, Xu and Berman said.
Herpes can be treated with antiviral drugs, which can help prevent flare-ups and reduce the risk of spreading it to others. Condoms can help lower the risk of transmission, although they’re not foolproof. Infected people are contagious even without symptoms.
The study was funded by the CDC. A previous CDC report in 1997 found a 30 percent increase in herpes infection since the late 1970s.
“This new data really reverses the trend,” said study co-author Francis Lee of Emory University.
Dr. Kenneth Fife of the Indiana University School of Medicine, who was not involved in the study, noted that rates of infection are still disproportionately high among women and blacks. The study found 42 percent of blacks tested positive for herpes type 2, a decline of only 4 percent since 1994.
“Maybe we’ve finally gotten through to the young people that they need to change their behavior,” Fife said. “We still see plenty of genital herpes. There are adolescents who are becoming infected.”
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